Symptoms of Damage to Soybean Varieties Due to Major Pest Attacks in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Date
2023
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Abstract
South Sulawesi Province is one of the centers for soybean development in Indonesia. The varieties that are widely planted by farmers in South Sulawesi include Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, Grobogan, Gema, Dering-1, and Burangrang. These varieties have different levels of seed yield and damage levels. This paper aims to provide an overview and information about the types of soybean varieties, the level of pest damage, and the types of pests that cause damage to soybean varieties developed by farmers in South Sulawesi Province. The method used is to collect various information in the form of secondary data and primary data from research results related to soybean varieties, types of pests that damage soybean plants and the level of damage caused by soybean pests in South Sulawes. The results obtained provide information that the highest level of leaf damage caused by Spodoptera litura F. occurred in the Anjasmoro variety 10.94–32.69% followed by Argomulyo 10.16–26.17% and Grobogan 8.61–24.81%. The highest level of pod damage due to pod sucking was found in Burangrang varieties, namely 13.20%, Gema 12.51%, Dering 10.5%, Argomulyo 9.40%, Grobogan 8.50%, and Anjasmoro 7.70%. The level of fruit damage caused by the fruit borer Etiella zinckenella T., the highest occurred in Detam-1 15.71%, Ring 14.50%, Burangrang 10.60%, Gema 10.0%, Argomulyo 8.20%, Grobogan 7.10%, and Anjasmoro 6.70%. The rate of soybean yield loss caused by S. litura F. was the highest at Anjasmoro 8.97%–11.29%, then Grobogan 7.88–12.80%, and Argomulyo 6.77–14.90%. Meanwhile, the percentage of seed yield loss caused by the attack of the pest Nezara viridula L. ranged from 10.0–41.0% for all varieties. Likewise with Riptortus linearis F., the percentage of soybean seed loss caused ranged from 15 to 79% for all varieties.
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Technology & Engineering, Agriculture, Agricultural & Biological Sciences::Agriculture Sciences::Crops, Crop Production and Protection